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From Slogan to Supply Chain Power: Evaluating India’s “Made in India” Manufacturing Transformation Through the 14 PLI Schemes and the 100-Product Localization Mission

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  From Slogan to Supply Chain Power: Evaluating India’s “Made in India” Manufacturing Transformation Through the 14 PLI Schemes and the 100-Product Localization Mission Abstract This case-cum-research paper examines the transformation of India’s manufacturing ecosystem through the integration of the “Made in India” identity, the 14 Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes, and the emerging 100-product localization strategy. The study evaluates whether sector-focused incentives, branding mechanisms, and targeted import substitution can jointly improve domestic value addition, reduce trade deficits, and strengthen India’s global competitiveness. The paper applies statistical and conceptual analysis using secondary data from government reports, policy announcements, and industrial performance indicators between 2020 and 2026. A hypothesis-testing framework is used to evaluate the relationship between PLI investments and manufacturing output growth. The study concludes that India’...

Ink of Emotions in the Digital Age: A Case-cum-Research Study on the Decline of Hand-Written Letters and the Rise of WhatsApp Communication

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  Ink of Emotions in the Digital Age: A Case-cum-Research Study on the Decline of Hand-Written Letters and the Rise of WhatsApp Communication Abstract Communication is one of the most important parts of human relationships. Earlier, people used hand-written letters to express emotions, maintain family ties, and share news with relatives and friends. Today, mobile phones, WhatsApp, SMS, and social-media applications have replaced traditional letter writing in most homes. This case-cum-research paper studies the reasons behind the decline of post-office letters and the growing preference for mobile communication. The paper also examines the social, emotional, and educational effects of this transformation. While digital communication is faster and cheaper, handwritten letters still possess emotional value, personal warmth, and a sense of affection that digital messages often fail to provide.   Keywords: Hand-written Letters, WhatsApp Communication, Digital Communication, ...