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“Geopolitical Shocks and Agricultural Resilience: Assessing the Impact of a US–Israel–Iran Conflict on India’s Agri-Exports and the Path to Viksit Bharat”

  Title “Geopolitical Shocks and Agricultural Resilience: Assessing the Impact of a US–Israel–Iran Conflict on India’s Agri-Exports and the Path to Viksit Bharat”   Abstract This study examines the potential impact of a prolonged geopolitical conflict involving the United States, Israel, and Iran on India’s agricultural trade, particularly exports. It argues that while imports face input-cost pressures, exports are more vulnerable due to logistics disruptions, market concentration, and demand shocks. The paper further evaluates how India’s agricultural transformation strategies under Viksit Bharat can mitigate these risks through diversification, digitalisation, and institutional strengthening.   Keywords Geopolitical risk, Agricultural exports, Basmati rice, Fertiliser imports, Viksit Bharat, FPOs, e-NAM, Supply chain disruption   1. Introduction Global agriculture is increasingly shaped by geopolitical tensions. Conflicts affecting strategic tr...
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Black and Green Chilli: A Case-Cum-Research Study on Global Importance, Trade Dynamics, and Health Benefits

  Black and Green Chilli: A Case-Cum-Research Study on Global Importance, Trade Dynamics, and Health Benefits Abstract Black pepper ( Piper nigrum ) and green chilli ( Capsicum annuum ) are among the most significant spices in global cuisine, particularly in South Asian countries like India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Thailand. This paper explores their historical relevance, trade patterns, export-import trends, and health benefits, with a special focus on their role in hair health. The study combines secondary data with case insights from India—the world’s largest producer and consumer of spices.  Keywords            Black Pepper, Green Chilli, Spice Trade, South Asia, Export Trends, Hair Health, Ayurveda, Piperine, Capsaicin, Herbal Cosmetics   1. Introduction Spices have shaped global trade routes and culinary traditions for centuries. Black pepper, often called “Black Gold,” and green chilli are integral to South ...

From Ice Slabs to Smart Cubes: Evolution of Informal Ice Commerce to Branded Cold-Chain Systems in Semi-Urban India

  From Ice Slabs to Smart Cubes: Evolution of Informal Ice Commerce to Branded Cold-Chain Systems in Semi-Urban India   Abstract This paper explores the transformation of household ice procurement systems in semi-urban India—from informal neighborhood “Krina-style” ice shops supplying rough ice slabs to the emergence of branded, hygienic, and organized ice-cube distribution networks. Using a qualitative case-based approach rooted in lived experiences and supported by secondary insights on cold-chain development, the study analyzes shifts in consumption patterns, hygiene perception, employment structures, and micro-enterprise evolution. The findings highlight how even a simple commodity like ice reflects broader economic formalization and infrastructural progress.   Keywords: Ice distribution systems; Informal economy; Cold-chain infrastructure; Semi-urban India; Household consumption patterns; Ice-cube industry; Branded ice products; Micro-enterprise transformat...